In considering how to control risks, the hierarchy of controls should be used.
Options 1, 2 and 3 represent the best method of addressing problems identified, as they require some physical change to the property, equipment being used or the way the task is being carried out. Utilising one of these approaches will usually be effective.
Options 4 and 5 are the least effective, as they rely heavily on the person performing the task, they are therefore not fool proof.
Elimination The best way to control a hazard is to eliminate it entirely. e.g. Remove the hazard by removing unsafe equipment or ceasing to perform a task.
Substitution Look for another way of performing the work e.g. use a less caustic cleaning substance, or a safe piece of equipment.
Engineering Physically change the workplace or equipment being used e.g. use a guard, modify a piece of machinery or automate a process.
Administrative Controls Explain to people how to perform a task properly e.g. introduce a written work procedure and train the people performing the task. This is a less effective method of controlling risks as it relies on the person performing the task following the procedure, without supervision this does not always happen.
Personal Protective Equipment This is the least desirable control measure to use. Whilst it is possible to supply protective equipment people may not always use it. It is impossible to supervise those doing the task constantly.